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Resolving Error Codes Following Hub Replacement on Subaru Legacy and Outback Models

Trouble Code after Hub Assembly Installation

Vehicles Affected:

  • Subaru Legacy (2005-2014)
  • Subaru Outback (2005-2014)

On these vehicles, improper installation of a new hub assembly may cause an ABS, cruise control and/or VDC (Vehicle Dynamics Control) fault code to occur. Learn the procedure for properly installing a new hub assembly.

Part Position Part Number
Hub Assembly Front 513220
Rear (2005-2009 vehicles) 512293
Rear (2010-2014 vehicles) 512401

Overview of Speed Sensor Function

On the hubs for these applications, a speed sensor mounts into the knuckle. Its exposed end extends out behind the bearing to capture pulses from an encoder ring on the back of the bearing. (The encoder ring is permanently adhered to the wheel bearing outer shell and is not serviceable.)

As the wheel rotates, the encoder ring’s small magnetic strips (Photo 1) create pulses that the speed sensor’s Hall element (Photo 2) picks up and outputs at a frequency proportional to the wheel speed. Each wheel’s speed signal is transmitted to the ABS and/or VDC module (depending how the vehicle is equipped), then to the ECM (Engine Control Module). Cruise control is managed by the ECM.

problems-with-wheel-hub

On most vehicles, a problem with the speed signal triggers an ABS code first. It is possible, however, for a speed signal problem to trigger a cruise control fault. Once a cruise control fault is set, it will not re-engage until the ignition switch is cycled, clearing the code.

Any ABS, VDC or cruise control fault code should undergo proper diagnosis to determine the source of the problem, which could be the speed sensor, sensor air gap, connections, signal interference (radio wave or foreign particles), or the bearing’s magnetic encoder ring.

Hub and Speed Sensor Inspection Procedure

Check for rust - any rust present on the mounting area or on the backing plate can keep the bearing assembly from being fully seated (even when torqued down), creating an excessive “air gap” between the encoder and the sensor. It only takes a few extra thousandths of an inch to trigger the false error codes. (Fig. 1)

hub-speed-sensor-diagram

In addition, during re-assembly any rust present on the knuckle or backing plate might get dislodged and adhere to the magnetic encoder ring of the new hub assembly. Also, check for any dirt, grease or metal particles on the tip of the sensor. Any of these conditions will cause interference within the magnetic field and will result in the pulse being erratic or blocked altogether.

wheel-hub-speed-sensor-inspection-procedure

Installation Procedure

It is imperative that all the components involved in reassembly be thoroughly cleaned of rust, scale, grease, dirt and any other contaminants. Using a wire brush attachment, clean the knuckle face. Using an abrasive brush with a Dremel tool, clean the inside of the knuckle and backing plate of loose rust and scale.

Follow up with compressed air and brake cleaner spray to clean the knuckle and backing plate surfaces. Once all components have been cleaned, follow the factory service manual for hub assembly installation and proper torquing procedure. This vehicle requires the hub assembly to be torqued to 140 ft/lbs. with no load on the hub.

installing-hub-speed-sensor

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The content contained in this article is for informational purposes only and should not be used in lieu of seeking professional advice from a certified technician or mechanic. We encourage you to consult with a certified technician or mechanic if you have specific questions or concerns relating to any of the topics covered herein. Under no circumstances will we be liable for any loss or damage caused by your reliance on any content.

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